Exploring the Intersection of IFS and Polyvagal Theory in Therapy

Internal Family Systems (IFS), developed by Dr. Richard Schwartz, and Polyvagal Theory, introduced by Dr. Stephen Porges and applied clinically by therapists such as Alexa Rothman, offer a powerful and integrated framework for understanding trauma, self-regulation, and healing.
IFS conceptualizes the psyche as a system of "parts"—inner subpersonalities with distinct roles, emotions, and histories. Schwartz (2021) states, “All parts are welcome. They have good intentions, even if their strategies are extreme.” At the core of the system is the Self (Energy or Leadership), described as a calm, compassionate, and curious center capable of leading the internal system toward healing.
Polyvagal Theory describes how the autonomic nervous system shifts between states of safety, mobilization (sympathetic), and immobilization (dorsal vagal), each affecting one’s capacity for connection and self-regulation. Alexa Rothman (2023) notes, “Polyvagal Theory gives a physiological foundation for understanding why certain parts take over and how safety shapes internal experience.”
The intersection of these models becomes clinically potent when therapists guide clients in tracking physiological states while engaging internal parts. Protectors in IFS often correlate with sympathetic arousal—fight-or-flight states—while exiles may emerge when the system enters a dorsal vagal state, linked to numbness or collapse.
Therapists informed by both models aim to create a neuroceptive environment of safety, allowing clients to access Self-energy—an internal state of calm presence. Rothman emphasizes co-regulation and body-based awareness: “By bringing awareness to the nervous system, we can support parts in feeling seen and safe enough to unburden” (Rothman, 2023).
Integrating IFS and Polyvagal Theory supports a trauma-informed, compassionate approach to therapy that is attuned to both psychological and physiological processes. Together, these frameworks offer a more comprehensive path toward healing, self-regulation, and Self-leadership. Schedule with Debra to explore how these models can help you in your healing journey. 

References

• Schwartz, R. C. (2021). No Bad Parts: Healing Trauma and Restoring Wholeness with the Internal Family Systems Model. Sounds True.
• Rothman, A. (2023). "Using Polyvagal Theory to Deepen IFS Work." The One Inside Podcast with Tammy Sollenberger, April 3, 2023. https://open.spotify.com/episode/2gjbK7DLBBKc4kVPUrqcoF
• Rothman, A. (2022). "IFS and Polyvagal Theory: A Conversation with Alexa Rothman." YouTube, posted by The IFS Institute. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdvFMUxXrGg
• Porges, S. W. (2011). The Polyvagal Theory: Neurophysiological Foundations of Emotions, Attachment, Communication, and Self-Regulation. W. W. Norton & Company.

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