Gabor Maté’s “Scattered Minds” posits that early developmental stress plays a significant role in the manifestation of ADHD symptoms. Adverse experiences during critical periods of brain development can disrupt neurobiological processes, contributing to challenges in attention regulation, impulse control, and emotional management (Maté, 1999).

Maté emphasizes that these disruptions are not solely due to genetic factors; they are intricately linked to early caregiving and environmental stability. Stressors such as emotional neglect or family dysfunction may alter brain circuitry, thereby contributing to the scattered attention and impulsivity observed in individuals with ADHD (Maté, 1999).

For adults with ADHD who have experienced developmental stress or trauma, a multifaceted treatment approach is advisable. Therapeutic interventions—including cognitive behavioral therapy and trauma-informed care—can assist in processing past experiences and developing effective management strategies. Mindfulness and stress reduction techniques may also support emotional regulation, while medication might complement these therapies when appropriately integrated into a comprehensive treatment plan (Maté, 1999).

Debra Eng, LCSW has a long history of working with adults that struggle with ADHD symptoms and developmental stress/trauma. By understanding the challenges and gifts of ADHD, clients learn self-compassion and strategies to better manage their symptoms. 

Additional Resources for Women with ADHD
Book:  *The Queen of Distraction: How Women with ADHD Can Conquer Chaos, Find Focus, and Get More Done* by Terry Matlen offers practical strategies tailored for women navigating ADHD.
Podcast:  The *ADHD Women’s Wellbeing Podcast* provides insights and support specifically addressing the experiences and challenges faced by women with ADHD.
Youtube:  The *How to ADHD* channel by Jessica McCabe features informative videos on ADHD, including content focused on issues relevant to women.

*Reference: Maté, G. (1999). Scattered Minds: The Origins and Healing of Attention Deficit Disorder. Vintage.*

#ADHD #DevelopmentalStress #GaborMaté #ScatteredMinds #TraumaInformedCare  #Mindfulness #EmotionalRegulation #AdultADHD #ADHDTreatment #Neurodevelopment #MentalHealthAwareness #ADHDWomen #SelfCompassion #StressReduction #ADHDSupport #Psychotherapy #AttentionRegulation #DebraEngLCSW

Chronic pain is often thought of as a purely physical problem, but emerging research suggests that the brain plays a significant role in how pain is experienced. Pain Reprocessing Therapy (PRT) is a groundbreaking approach that aims to retrain the brain’s response to pain, particularly in cases where chronic stress and emotional factors contribute to persistent discomfort.  

The Brain’s Role in Chronic Pain
Pain serves as a protective mechanism, alerting us to injury or danger. However, when pain persists long after an injury has healed—or arises without clear physical damage—it often becomes a problem of misfiring neural pathways rather than ongoing tissue damage. Neuroscientist Dr. Tor Wager explains:  
“Pain is not just something that happens to us—it’s something the brain constructs based on a variety of inputs, including past experiences, emotions, and expectations.”
When chronic stress heightens the nervous system’s sensitivity, the brain can misinterpret normal sensations as pain. PRT works by helping individuals recognize and change these misinterpretations.  

How Pain Reprocessing Therapy Works
PRT is based on the idea that chronic pain is often the result of learned neural patterns rather than structural damage. By changing the way the brain perceives pain, people can significantly reduce their discomfort. Dr. Yoni Ashar, a clinical psychologist and researcher, explains:  “Pain Reprocessing Therapy helps people understand that their pain is coming from the brain, not the body. When they learn to view their pain as non-threatening, their brain stops generating it.”

PRT involves five key steps:  
1. Educating the Mind – Learning that chronic pain is often due to the brain’s misinterpretation of danger signals.  
2. Shifting Beliefs About Pain – Recognizing pain as a reversible condition rather than a permanent disorder.  
3. Reducing Fear and Avoidance – Engaging in normal movement and activities to rewire the brain’s pain response.  
4. Using Mindfulness and Somatic Techniques – Practicing relaxation and awareness to calm the nervous system.  
5. Reinforcing Positive Outcomes – Noticing and celebrating pain reduction to further retrain the brain.  

Scientific Support for PRT
A 2021 study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that PRT significantly reduced chronic back pain in participants, with many experiencing lasting relief. As Dr. Ashar, one of the study’s lead researchers, noted: “Two-thirds of participants in our study were pain-free or nearly pain-free after just four weeks of Pain Reprocessing Therapy.”
This offers hope to the millions of people suffering from chronic pain linked to stress and emotional factors.  

The Connection Between Chronic Stress and Pain
Chronic stress activates the body’s fight-or-flight response, leading to muscle tension, inflammation, and heightened pain sensitivity. Dr. Howard Schubiner, a physician specializing in mind-body medicine, states:  
*“When we’re under stress, our brains create pain as a distraction from emotional distress. But when we address these emotions, the pain often fades.”
PRT teaches individuals to recognize and process these emotional triggers, breaking the cycle of stress-induced pain.  

A New Path to Healing 
For those struggling with chronic pain, PRT offers a new perspective—one that shifts the focus from endless medical treatments to the power of the mind-body connection. While not a quick fix, retraining the brain’s pain response can be a transformative process. As Dr. Schubiner emphasizes: “The pain is real—but so is recovery.”
By understanding the brain’s role in chronic pain and applying techniques from Pain Reprocessing Therapy, many individuals can find relief and reclaim their lives.  

Final Thoughts
Chronic pain can feel like an inescapable cycle, but new research is proving that healing is possible. If stress and emotional factors contribute to your pain, exploring PRT might be the key to lasting relief. Instead of focusing solely on physical treatments, addressing the brain’s role in pain could be the breakthrough you’ve been looking for.

In May 2025, I will be getting certified in Pain Reprocessing Therapy. Please fill out the contact form, under contact me, if you are interested in seeing if this model could help you. 

Resources
The Pain Reprocessing Podcast
The Way Out: A revolutionary, scientifically proven approach to healing chronic pain. Alan Gordon, Alon Ziv. (2021).